Stomach 16 (ST 16) Ying Chuang — Breast Window

This point, on the chest, unbinds the chest and benefits the breast.

Stomach 16 (ST 16) Ying Chuang 膺窗 — Breast Window

Location

On the chest, in the third intercostal space, 4 cun lateral to the anterior midline.

Anatomy

On pectoralis major; the lateral thoracic artery; the anterior thoracic nerve and the third intercostal nerve.

Actions & Functions

  • Unbinds the chest and benefits the breast
  • Descends rebellious qi

Indications

Cough and asthma, fullness of the chest, and mastitis and breast pain.

Needling

0.3-0.5 cun, oblique or transverse insertion.

Moxibustion Suitability

Moxibustion may be used.

Point Combinations

With ST-18 and SI-1 for breast disorders.

Classical Text References

Used for disorders of the chest and breast.

Cautions & Contraindications

Deep perpendicular insertion risks pneumothorax; needle obliquely or transversely.

Latest Research

Latest peer-reviewed research on this point will be summarised here, with citations linked to PubMed, via our research integration.

About Attilio

Doctor of Chinese medicine, acupuncture expert and author of My Fertility Guide and My Pregnancy Guide.

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PubMed research

Acupuncture Shows Sustained Benefits for Chronic Daily Headache Prevention in Adults, Meta-Analysis Finds

Research summary (Acupuncture): Utility of Acupuncture Therapy for Adult Chronic Daily Headache Prophylaxis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. - Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research, 2026.